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Teks narasi merupakan karangan sebuah kejadian atau peristiwa, tindakan secara kronologis atau sesuai dengan urutan waktu. Berikut contoh teks narasi.
Teks narasi identik dengan konflik serta setting seperti tema, karakter, alur, latar disertai sudut pandang yang menarik. Mengutip jurnal Ainun Cahyani (2021), narasi adalah suatu bentuk wacana yang berusaha menggambarkan dengan sejelas-jelasnya kepada pembaca, suatu peristiwa yang telah terjadi.
Akan tetapi, jika narasi hanya menyajikan peristiwa, maka akan sulit dibedakan dengan deskripsi. Unsur lain yang dimaksud adalah waktu.
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Tujuan dari teks narasi memberikan pengetahuan, hiburan dan informasi bagi pembaca yang berasal dari pengalaman penulis, agar pembaca bisa merasakan cerita tersebut.
Teks narasi dikenal menggunakan bahasa naratif (bahasa dengan alur cerita dari awal sampai akhir). Secara unsur kebahasaan, teks narasi menggunakan majas metafora, juga kalimat transitif dan intransitif serta kata penghubung penanda waktu, kata sifat, benda, dan frasa atau klausa.
Teks Narasi:
1. Struktur Teks Narasi
Orientasi (orientation)
Orientasi adalah pengenalan cerita seputar latar belakang tokoh, tempat, dan waktu yang menjadi gambaran peristiwa dari keseluruhan cerita.
Komplikasi (complication)
Komplikasi berisi konflik yang mulai terjadi hingga puncak konflik. Biasanya bagian ini paling ditunggu karena mendebarkan untuk pembaca menyelesaikan cerita hingga akhir.
Resolusi (resolution)
Resolusi berarti penurunan konflik yang dianalogikan sebagai landainya jalan cerita. Solusi dari permasalahan pada tokoh mulai tampak, adanya resolusi sebagai penanda bahwa cerita akan berakhir.
Koda (coda/reorientation)
Koda berisi amanat atau pesan moral dari kisah yang disampaikan. Koda bersifat opsional boleh ada boleh tidak.
2. Contoh Teks Narasi
Contoh Teks Narasi Bahasa Indonesia
Contoh teks narasi bahasa Indonesia ini dari Modul Ajar Teks Hikayat Kelas X SMAN 15 Surabaya. Judulnya Rawa Pening.
Rawa Pening
Zaman dahulu hidup seorang wanita bernama Endang di sebuah desa yaitu Desa Ngasem. Ia sedang dalam keadaan hamil. Namun, yang ia lahirkan bukanlah seorang bayi melainkan seekor naga yang diberi nama Baru Klinting. Ia bisa berbicara seperti halnya manusia biasa.
Suatu ketika, sang anak bertanya tentang keberadaan ayahnya dan sang ibu akhirnya menceritakan kejadian yang sesungguhnya. Ia diberi klinting sebagai bukti bahwa ia merupakan anak dari ayahnya.
Ia segera menemui ayahnya yang serang melakukan pertapaan. Kemudian, klinting pemberian dari ibunya ia tunjukkan.
Namun, ayahnya masih belum yakin dan menginginkan ia melakukan sesuatu yaitu dengan memintanya melingkari sebuah gunung. Baru anak itu pun akhirnya menunjukkan bahwa ia mampu melakukannya.
Mengetahui hal tersebut, sang ayah percaya dan mengakuinya sebagai anak. Sang ayah meminta Baru Klinting untuk bertapa.
Suatu waktu, para warga sedang mencari-cari hewan yang bisa dijadikan santapan untuk pesta. Tetapi mereka tidak juga menemukannya.
Akhirnya mereka memutuskan untuk menangkap Baru Klinting yang sedang bertapa dan ingin menjadikannya sebagai santapan pesta.
Arwah dari Baru Klinting berubah menjadi seorang anak kecil yang tampak begitu Kumal. Ia datang menuju ke pesta tersebut ingin meminta makanan tapi malah diusir.
Kemudian ia bertemu dengan seorang nenek yang baik hati dan mau memberinya makanan. Ia mempunyai pesan kepada nenek supaya ketika bebek mendengar suara gemuruh segera menyiapkan sebuah lesung.
Sesudah itu, ia kembali lagi ke tempat pesta tersebut dan yang terjadi adalah ia diusir lagi. Ia menantang para warga untuk mencabut pedang yang sudah ia tancapkan sebelumnya.
Tak ada satu orang pun yang bisa mencabut pedang tersebut sampai pada akhirnya ia mencabut pedang tersebut sendiri. Seketika munculah air yang akhirnya menggenangi desa tersebut.
Seluruh warga desa ikut tenggelam kecuali nenek yang sudah baik hati menolongnya. Nah, itulah cerita tentang asal mula terbentuknya Rawa Pening.
Contoh Teks Narasi Bahasa Inggris
Contoh teks narasi Bahasa Inggris ini dari Modul Pembelajaran SMA Bahasa Inggris kelas X di situs resmi Kemendikbud. Judulnya Putri Hijau.
Putri Hijau
In days of yore, when Shah Mukhayat Sultan of Aceh was resting in the palace, suddenly he saw a green light from the East. The Sultan immediately called his vizier and asked what the light was. The vizier was also shocked and could not answer the Sultan's question. Only the next morning a Sultan's confidant was sent to investigate the light. The results of the investigation were said that the light came from the body of the Green Princess in the Old Deli. It was said that the princess was the daughter of the Deli Kingdom - Sultan Sulaiman. When he died, he left three children. The eldest was named Mambang Jazid, the second was Putri Hijau (The Green Princess), and the last one was Mambang Khayali. The sons and daughter of Sultan Sulaiman were considered by his people as the incarnation of the gods. They were adored as magical people. The Green Princess herself was a beautiful woman. She was called the Green Princess because her body always emitted a green light, especially if she was playing in the park during the full moon.
Having heard the story, Sultan Mukhayat Syah then fell in love, even though the Sultan had never seen the princess' face before. Having feeling infatuated to the Princess, he, accompanied by his bodyguards, left for Deli to propose the daughter of the Old Deli Kingdom. Upon arrival in Labuhan, the Sultan immediately sent a courier. Jazid had passionate spirits, and told her about the Sultan's wish to marry the graceful Putri Hijau. However, Putri Hijau rejected Sultan Mukhayat Syah's proposal. Of course the refusal made Sultan very angry and felt humiliated. Feeling disappointed, He challenged a war. The War ensued and many of his soldiers were killed in the battle.
Finally, the Prime Minister of Aceh discovered a trick, which was thought to be able to defeat the Deli Tua soldiers. The ruse took the form of shooting ringgit money at the enemy camps, in the form of clumps of thorny bamboo that were tightly surrounding the town of Deli Tua. Seeing the ringgit money, the people of Deli Tua, without thinking anymore, immediately cut and cut down the thorny bamboo clumps. As a result, the defense of the city of Deli Tua was destroyed. It was difficult for them to withstand the attack of Sultan Mukhayat Syah's army.
To withstand further attacks, Mambang Khayali transformed himself into a cannon that could shoot at the enemy. However, while the battle was raging fiercely, he felt very thirsty. He asked the Green Princess for a drink, but his request was denied. According to the Green Princess, it could be dangerous. As a result, his joints felt weak, while he continued to spit out his cannon. Suddenly his body broke in two. The head cannon was bouncing up to Aceh, while the rear remained at the Deli.
Mambang Jazid had the feeling that they would lose the war. He said to Putri Hijau "if you are to be taken prisoner by the Sultan of Aceh, sooner, ask the Sultan to place you in a glass coffin, and Sultan cannot touch you before arriving in Aceh. On arrival in Aceh, you beg the Sultan to order his people to bring offerings each of a chicken egg and a handful of rice (white rice). All these offerings must be piled on the shore. After the ceremony is over, the lump must be thrown into the sea." He continued saying "At that time you get out of the glass coffin, burn the incense while calling out my name Mambang Jazid." After leaving that last message, Mambang Jazid disappeared magically.
What Mambang Jazid predicted came true, Putri Hijau was under arrest then taken as prisoner to the Kingdom of Aceh. Before departing to Aceh, she immediately proposed the conditions as ordered by Mambang Jazid. Sultan Mukhayat Syah granted it. In Aceh the king's ship docked in front of Tanjung Jambu Air. The Sultan ordered his people to hold an offering ceremony as begged by Putri Hijau. All the people fulfilled what she asked.
After the ceremony, Putri Hijau was seen coming out of her glass coffin. In a puff of incense smoke, Putri Hijau mentioned her brother's name. All of sudden there was a gale and heavy rain accompanied by lightning, and the waves were very high and strong. The world was almost doomed. Suddenly came a giant dragon of the waves and the boat went straight to the Sultan. He hit the ship with its tail until the ship split into two and sank immediately. Sultan Mukhayat Syah was safe.
In the chaotic situation, the Green Princess immediately returned to her glass coffin so that when the waves hit the ship, she could float on the sea. The Dragon immediately slid closer to the coffin and lifted the coffin with his head and carried her to the Straits of Malacca.
The movement was so fast that the Sultan could not do anything. He could only dream, miss, and remember the Green Princess who was already his, but then, disappeared forever.
(sun/iwd)
