Ilmuwan China Cari Cara Lindungi Kentang dari Krisis Iklim
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Ilmuwan China Cari Cara Lindungi Kentang dari Krisis Iklim

REUTERS/Florence Lo - detikEdu
Sabtu, 30 Nov 2024 21:00 WIB

China - China, produsen kentang terbesar, menghadapi ancaman perubahan iklim. Para ilmuwan mencari solusi untuk mempertahankan hasil panen.

A worker wearing a protective suit harvests potato tubers at a greenhouse under Yakeshi Senfeng Potato Industry Company, where seed potatoes are farmed through the aeroponics method, in Yakeshi, Inner Mongolia, China, June 16, 2024. The company has invested in aeroponic systems where plants are grown in the air under controlled conditions, and farmers are increasingly demanding potato varieties that are higher-yielding and less susceptible to disease.  
Di sebuah fasilitas penelitian di Beijing, ahli biologi molekuler Li Jieping memanen kentang berukuran sangat kecil dari tanaman yang ditanam dalam kondisi suhu lebih tinggi.
A worker wearing a protective suit harvests potato tubers at a greenhouse under Yakeshi Senfeng Potato Industry Company, where seed potatoes are farmed through the aeroponics method, in Yakeshi, Inner Mongolia, China, June 16, 2024. The company has invested in aeroponic systems where plants are grown in the air under controlled conditions, and farmers are increasingly demanding potato varieties that are higher-yielding and less susceptible to disease.  

China adalah produsen kentang terbesar di dunia, dengan hasil panen yang sangat penting untuk ketahanan pangan global.

 
A worker wearing a protective suit harvests potato tubers at a greenhouse under Yakeshi Senfeng Potato Industry Company, where seed potatoes are farmed through the aeroponics method, in Yakeshi, Inner Mongolia, China, June 16, 2024. The company has invested in aeroponic systems where plants are grown in the air under controlled conditions, and farmers are increasingly demanding potato varieties that are higher-yielding and less susceptible to disease.  

Namun, tanaman kentang ini sangat rentan terhadap panas dan perubahan iklim, yang menyebabkan penurunan hasil panen secara signifikan.

 
A worker wearing a protective suit harvests potato tubers at a greenhouse under Yakeshi Senfeng Potato Industry Company, where seed potatoes are farmed through the aeroponics method, in Yakeshi, Inner Mongolia, China, June 16, 2024. The company has invested in aeroponic systems where plants are grown in the air under controlled conditions, and farmers are increasingly demanding potato varieties that are higher-yielding and less susceptible to disease.  

Untuk memahami dampak suhu yang lebih tinggi, tim Li menanam kentang di ruang tertutup dengan suhu 3 derajat Celsius lebih tinggi dari suhu rata-rata di Hebei dan Mongolia Dalam, daerah penghasil kentang utama di China.

 
A worker wearing a protective suit harvests potato tubers at a greenhouse under Yakeshi Senfeng Potato Industry Company, where seed potatoes are farmed through the aeroponics method, in Yakeshi, Inner Mongolia, China, June 16, 2024. The company has invested in aeroponic systems where plants are grown in the air under controlled conditions, and farmers are increasingly demanding potato varieties that are higher-yielding and less susceptible to disease.  

Kentang yang dipanen di fasilitas penelitian Li hanya memiliki berat 136 gram, jauh lebih kecil dibandingkan dengan kentang biasa di China yang sering kali berukuran sebesar bola bisbol.

 
A worker wearing a protective suit harvests potato tubers at a greenhouse under Yakeshi Senfeng Potato Industry Company, where seed potatoes are farmed through the aeroponics method, in Yakeshi, Inner Mongolia, China, June 16, 2024. The company has invested in aeroponic systems where plants are grown in the air under controlled conditions, and farmers are increasingly demanding potato varieties that are higher-yielding and less susceptible to disease.  

Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa suhu tinggi mempercepat pertumbuhan kentang, namun juga mengurangi hasil panen hingga lebih dari setengahnya.

 
A worker wearing a protective suit harvests potato tubers at a greenhouse under Yakeshi Senfeng Potato Industry Company, where seed potatoes are farmed through the aeroponics method, in Yakeshi, Inner Mongolia, China, June 16, 2024. The company has invested in aeroponic systems where plants are grown in the air under controlled conditions, and farmers are increasingly demanding potato varieties that are higher-yielding and less susceptible to disease.  

Untuk mengatasi tantangan ini, beberapa produsen kentang di China mulai berinvestasi dalam sistem aeroponik, di mana tanaman ditanam dalam kondisi yang lebih terkendali untuk menghindari kerugian akibat cuaca ekstrem.

 
Ilmuwan China Cari Cara Lindungi Kentang dari Krisis Iklim
Ilmuwan China Cari Cara Lindungi Kentang dari Krisis Iklim
Ilmuwan China Cari Cara Lindungi Kentang dari Krisis Iklim
Ilmuwan China Cari Cara Lindungi Kentang dari Krisis Iklim
Ilmuwan China Cari Cara Lindungi Kentang dari Krisis Iklim
Ilmuwan China Cari Cara Lindungi Kentang dari Krisis Iklim
Ilmuwan China Cari Cara Lindungi Kentang dari Krisis Iklim
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